Unknown mosaicist, Plato's Academy, Pompeii, 1st c. BC · Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples · public domain
1-5
Clouds 1-5 · A night that never ends1-5A night that never ends
Before dawn, in a house in Athens. Strepsiades, an old farmer married into the city, lies awake while everyone else sleeps.
· · ·
Strepsiades
ἰοὺ1
ioù
Oh
ἰού2
ioú
ugh
! ὦ3
ô
—
βασιλεῦ4
basileû
Lordking
Ζεῦ5
Zeû
Zeus
, ὅσον6
hóson
how longhow great
τὸ7
tò
the
χρῆμα8
chrêma
stretchthing
τῶν9
tôn
of
νυκτῶν10
nyktôn
nights
is
!ἀπέραντον11
apéranton
Endless
! Will
ἡμέρα12
hēméra
day
οὐδέποθʼ13
oudépoth’
never
γενήσεται14
genḗsetai
comecome to be
? καὶ15
kaì
And
μὴν16
mḕn
yet
ἐγώ17
egṓ
I
ἤκουσʼ18
ḗkous’
heard
ἀλεκτρυόνος19
alektryónos
the rooster
πάλαι20
pálai
ages ago
γʼ21
g’
—
. δʼ22
d’
And
οἱ23
hoi
the
οἰκέται24
oikétai
slaveshousehold
ῥέγκουσιν25
rhénkousin
are snoring
. ἀλλʼ26
all’
But
they
ἂν27
àn
would
οὐκ28
ouk
not
have
πρὸ29
prò
before
τοῦ30
toû
nowthis
. Strepsiades
Oh, ugh! Lord Zeus, how long the stretch of nights is! Endless! Will day never come? And yet I heard the rooster ages ago. And the slaves are snoring. But they would not have, before now. Strepsiades: Oh, ugh! Lord Zeus, how long the stretch of nights is! Endless! Will day never come? And yet I heard the rooster ages ago. And the slaves are snoring. But they would not have, before now.
Interpretation
Oh, ugh! Lord Zeus, how long the nights are! Endless! Will day never come? And I heard the rooster ages ago. And the slaves are snoring. They would not have dared, in the old days.
The play opens on a groan, iou iou, the noise a man makes when he has been lying awake too long. Strepsiades talks to Zeus the way anyone talks to the ceiling at four in the morning: the night is a chrêma, a "thing", a great shapeless stretch of it. He has already heard the rooster and still the day will not come.
The last line carries the first grievance. His slaves sleep through it all, which in the old days they would never have dared. Strepsiades cannot even get his own household up in the morning. His son and his money come next.
6-11
Clouds 6-11 · Damn this war6-11Damn this war
Strepsiades cannot punish his slaves, and his grown son sleeps through the night in a heap of blankets.
· · ·
Strepsiades: Damn you, war, for many reasons, when I can not even punish my slaves! And not even this fine young man wakes up in the night, but farts in five blankets, all bundled up. Well, if that is the way, let us snore under the covers.