The Siren Vase — Odysseus bound to the mast; Attic red-figure, c. 480 BC, British Museum
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Odyssey 10.358 · Book 10, lines 358–360

Water on the fire

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ἡ δὲ τετάρτη ὕδωρ ἐφόρει καὶ πῦρ ἀνέκαιε πολλὸν ὑπὸ τρίποδι μεγάλῳ· ἰαίνετο δʼ ὕδωρ. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ ζέσσεν ὕδωρ ἐνὶ ἤνοπι χαλκῷ,

The fourth brought water and kindled a great fire beneath a large tripod; and the water grew warm. But when the water boiled in the gleaming bronze,

Word by word

theδὲ(and)τετάρτηtetártēfourthὕδωρhýdōrwaterἐφόρειephóreibroughtκαὶkaìandπῦρpŷrfireἀνέκαιεanékaiekindledπολλὸνpollòna greatὑπὸhypòbeneathτρίποδιtrípodia tripodμεγάλῳmegálōilarge·ἰαίνετοiaínetogrew warmδʼd’(and)ὕδωρhýdōrthe water.αὐτὰρautàrbutἐπεὶepeìwhenδὴdḕ(now)ζέσσενzéssenboiledὕδωρhýdōrthe waterἐνὶenìinἤνοπιḗnopigleamingχαλκῷchalkôithe bronze,

The setting

The fourth nymph heats water for the bath Circe will give Odysseus — a further rite of welcome. The unit ends mid-sentence as the water comes to the boil.

A note on this passage

The last maid heats the bath-water, building a great fire under a tripod cauldron until it boils. The verse tracks the process in slow, concrete stages: water carried, fire lit, warmth rising, the boil reached.

The warm bath is the next station of guest-welcome, the care a host gives a traveller before the meal. That Circe now offers Odysseus this ordinary comfort measures how far the encounter has turned — from the drugged cup that ruined his men to the heated water that will soothe him. The sentence breaks off at the boil, holding the reader at the threshold of the bath to come.

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