The Siren Vase — Odysseus bound to the mast; Attic red-figure, c. 480 BC, British Museum
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Odyssey 3.477 · Book 3, lines 477–480

So he spoke — the horses yoked

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ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρα τοῦ μάλα μὲν κλύον ἠδʼ ἐπίθοντο, καρπαλίμως δʼ ἔζευξαν ὑφʼ ἅρμασιν ὠκέας ἵππους. ἐν δὲ γυνὴ ταμίη σῖτον καὶ οἶνον ἔθηκεν ὄψα τε, οἷα ἔδουσι διοτρεφέες βασιλῆες.

So he spoke, and they listened well to him and obeyed; and swiftly they yoked the swift horses under the chariot. And a woman, the housekeeper, put in bread and wine and dainties, such as they eat, the Zeus-nourished kings.

Word by word

ὣςhṑssoἔφαθʼéphath’he spoke,οἱhoitheyδʼd’(and)ἄραára(then)τοῦtoûhimμάλαmálawellμὲνmèn(indeed)κλύονklýonheardἠδʼēd’andἐπίθοντοepíthontoobeyed,καρπαλίμωςkarpalímōsswiftlyδʼd’(and)ἔζευξανézeuxanyokedὑφʼhyph’underἅρμασινhármasinthe chariotὠκέαςōkéasthe swiftἵππουςhíppoushorses.ἐνeninδὲ(and)γυνὴgynḕa womanταμίηtamíēthe housekeeperσῖτονsîtonbreadκαὶkaìandοἶνονoînonwineἔθηκενéthēkenplacedὄψαópsadaintiesτεte(and),οἷαhoîasuch asἔδουσιédousieatδιοτρεφέεςdiotrephéesZeus-nourishedβασιλῆεςbasilêeskings.

The setting

The obedience-formula: Nestor's sons do at once as they are told. The housekeeper stocks the chariot with provisions for the road, food fit for kings.

A note on this passage

The command is carried out in the poem's usual shorthand: ‘so he spoke, and they heard him well and obeyed,’ and the swift horses are yoked at once. Then the housekeeper provisions the chariot with bread, wine, and choice food for the road ahead.

The closing phrase reaches upward. The travelers are stocked with fare ‘such as Zeus-nourished kings eat’ — διοτρεφέες, ‘Zeus-reared,’ the old epithet that traces a king's authority straight back to the god. It quietly gilds the departure: this is no ordinary errand but a prince's journey, outfitted at a royal table, and the word remembers that the men Telemachus is riding to see hold their kingship as a gift from Zeus himself.

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