The Siren Vase — Odysseus bound to the mast; Attic red-figure, c. 480 BC, British Museum
ΟΔΥΣΣΕΙΑ

Odyssey 4.291 · Book 4, lines 291–293

It only makes the grief worse

Read the full text in our reader

Telemachus — Ἀτρεΐδη Μενέλαε διοτρεφές, ὄρχαμε λαῶν, ἄλγιον· οὐ γάρ οἵ τι τάδʼ ἤρκεσε λυγρὸν ὄλεθρον, οὐδʼ εἴ οἱ κραδίη γε σιδηρέη ἔνδοθεν ἦεν.

Son of Atreus, Menelaus, cherished of Zeus, leader of hosts, it is the more grievous; for these things warded off from him no grievous destruction, not even if his heart within were of iron.

Word by word

Telemachus
ἈτρεΐδηAtreḯdēson of AtreusΜενέλαεMenélaeMenelausδιοτρεφέςdiotrephéscherished of Zeus,ὄρχαμεórchameleaderλαῶνlaônof hosts,ἄλγιονálgionthe more grievous·οὐounotγάρgár(for)οἵhoífor himτιtiat allτάδʼtád’these thingsἤρκεσεḗrkesewarded offλυγρὸνlygròngrievousὄλεθρονólethrondestruction,οὐδʼoud’not evenεἴifοἱhoihisκραδίηkradíēheartγεge(indeed)σιδηρέηsidēréēof ironἔνδοθενéndothenwithinἦενêenwere.

The setting

Telemachus replies to Menelaus's praise of Odysseus's courage and cunning at Troy. He answers that such excellence makes the loss harder, not easier, to bear.

A note on this passage

Telemachus answers the war-stories with a quiet grief. Hearing how brave and cool his father was only sharpens the ache: none of it, he says, kept destruction off — not even if the man's heart had been made of iron. Excellence did not save him.

Under the courtly address is the boy's real subject, which is never Troy but Ithaca. Menelaus means Odysseus; Telemachus half-means every hero the tales have raised only to lose. The generalizing turn — valor is no armor against ruin — is the disquiet the whole visit keeps circling: the greatest of the returning men is the one who has not returned.

Read the full commentary — and tap any word for its dictionary entry — in the interlinear reader.

Open Odyssey 4.291 in the full reader

Always open passages in the reader

From the Great Library

You are reading a page of the Odyssey — the whole book is free in our interlinear reader.

The Great Library Project presses the classics in their original languages, glossed word by word — free to read, always. Browse the whole library.

Also on our shelves:

Odyssey 4.291 — The Great Library Project interlinear edition · greatlibraryproject.com/book/odyssey/4.291/