The Siren Vase — Odysseus bound to the mast; Attic red-figure, c. 480 BC, British Museum
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Odyssey 8.443 · Book 8, lines 443–445

Tie the chest shut

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Arete — αὐτὸς νῦν ἴδε πῶμα, θοῶς δʼ ἐπὶ δεσμὸν ἴηλον, μή τίς τοι καθʼ ὁδὸν δηλήσεται, ὁππότʼ ἂν αὖτε εὕδῃσθα γλυκὺν ὕπνον ἰὼν ἐν νηὶ μελαίνῃ.

See to the lid yourself now, and swiftly cast a knot upon it, lest anyone do you harm along the way, when once again you sleep sweet sleep as you travel in the black ship.

Word by word

Arete
αὐτὸςautósyou yourselfνῦνnŷnnowἴδεídesee toπῶμαpômathe lid,θοῶςthoôsand swiftlyδʼd’(and)ἐπὶepìupon itδεσμὸνdesmóna knotἴηλονíēloncast,μήmḗlestτίςtísanyoneτοιtoion youκαθʼkath’alongὁδὸνhodónthe wayδηλήσεταιdēlḗsetaido harm,ὁππότʼhoppót’whenἂνàn(ever)αὖτεaûteagainεὕδῃσθαheúdēisthayou sleepγλυκὺνglykỳnsweetὕπνονhýpnonsleepἰὼνiṑnas you travelἐνeninνηὶnēìthe shipμελαίνῃmelaínēiblack.

The setting

Arete has packed the guest's treasure into a chest. She now gives him a word of caution for the voyage.

A note on this passage

Arete tells the stranger to see to the lid himself and tie a knot on the chest, so that no one can rob him on the crossing while he sleeps in the black ship.

The warning is worldly and faintly dark. Even a convoy of near-magical sailors is no guarantee against theft, and a sleeping man is an easy mark. Under the lavish send-off runs the ordinary suspicion of the road — and a hint that Odysseus, for all this honor, will still need to keep his guard up among strangers.

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Odyssey 8.443 — The Great Library Project interlinear edition · greatlibraryproject.com/book/odyssey/8.443/