The Siren Vase — Odysseus bound to the mast; Attic red-figure, c. 480 BC, British Museum
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Odyssey 9.537 · Book 9, lines 537–540

The second boulder

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αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἐξαῦτις πολὺ μείζονα λᾶαν ἀείρας ἧκʼ ἐπιδινήσας, ἐπέρεισε δὲ ἶνʼ ἀπέλεθρον, κὰδʼ δʼ ἔβαλεν μετόπισθε νεὸς κυανοπρῴροιο τυτθόν, ἐδεύησεν δʼ οἰήιον ἄκρον ἱκέσθαι.

But he once more, lifting a far greater stone, hurled it, swinging it round, and put into it measureless force, and cast it down behind the dark-prowed ship by a little, and it just failed to reach the oar's tip.

Word by word

αὐτὰρautarbuthoheγʼg’(indeed)ἐξαῦτιςexautisonce moreπολὺpolymuchμείζοναmeizonagreaterλᾶανlaana stoneἀείραςaeirasliftingἧκʼhēk’hurled itἐπιδινήσαςepidinēsasswinging round,ἐπέρεισεepereiseput into itδὲde(and)ἶνʼin’forceἀπέλεθρονapelethronmeasureless,κὰδʼkad’downδʼd’(and)ἔβαλενebalencastμετόπισθεmetopisthebehindνεὸςneosof the shipκυανοπρῴροιοkyanoprōroiodark-prowedτυτθόνtytthona little,ἐδεύησενedeuēsenit lackedδʼd’(and)οἰήιονoiēionthe steering-oarἄκρονakrontipἱκέσθαιhikesthaito reach.

The setting

Prayer answered in the only way it can be for now, Polyphemus tears up an even bigger rock and hurls it after the ship — this time it lands just beyond the stern, a hair from the steering-oar.

A note on this passage

A single sentence of pure action closes the scene. The blind giant, guided only by sound, wrenches up a boulder even bigger than the last, winds his whole immeasurable strength into the throw, and hurls it after the fleeing ship. This time it falls just past the stern — a hand's breadth from the steering-oar that keeps the ship alive.

The near-miss is the point. The first rock drove the ship back to shore; had this one struck the oar, there is no steering, no escape, no Odyssey. The margin between the whole rest of the poem and its end is that gap of a few feet behind the stern. Homer measures the hero's survival not in triumph but in inches, and lets the reader feel how close the curse came to being granted on the spot.

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