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The Orphic Hymns

the Orphic tradition · Hymn 22, lines 1–3 · Tethys, the bride of Ocean
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Hymn 22 · The Sea

ΘΑΛΑΣΣΗΣ, θυμίαμα λιβανομάνναν Of the Sea · incense: frankincense powder
22.1
The Orphic Hymns 22.1 · Tethys, the bride of Ocean
The hymn to the Sea calls on Tethys, the wife of Ocean, who lies all around the earth.
· · ·
ΘΑΛΑΣΣΗΣ1
Thalássēs
Of the Sea
.
θυμίαμα2
thymíama
Incensewhat is burned
λιβανομάνναν3
libanománnan
frankincense powder
.
καλέω4
kaléō
I call
νύμφην5
nýmphēn
the bride
Ὠκεανοῦ6
Ōkeanoû
of Ocean
,
γλαυκώπιδα7
glaukṓpida
grey-eyedwith gleaming eyes
Τηθύν8
Tēthýn
Tethys
,
 
the
κυανόπεπλον9
kyanópeplon
dark-robed
ἄνασσαν10
ánassan
queen
,
κυμαίνουσαν11
kymaínousan
swelling in waves
,
ἐύτροχα12
eútrocha
smoothly rollingwell-wheeling
,
πατασσομένην13
patassoménēn
beaten
 
by
ἡδυπνόοισι14
hēdypnóoisi
sweet-breathing
αὔραις15
aúrais
breezes
περὶ16
perì
around
γαῖαν17
gaîan
the earth
.
Of the Sea. Incense: frankincense powder. I call the bride of Ocean, grey-eyed Tethys, the dark-robed queen, swelling in waves, smoothly rolling, beaten by sweet-breathing breezes around the earth.

Of the Sea. Incense: frankincense powder. I call the bride of Ocean, grey-eyed Tethys, the dark-robed queen, swelling in waves, smoothly rolling, beaten by sweet-breathing breezes around the earth.
Interpretation
Of the Sea. Incense: frankincense powder. I call the bride of Ocean, grey-eyed Tethys, the dark-robed queen, who swells in smooth-rolling waves, beaten by sweet-breathing breezes all around the earth.
The heading says "the Sea," but the goddess called is Tethys, the wife of Ocean. In the Iliad Hera speaks of "Ocean, the origin of the gods, and mother Tethys," and Hesiod makes Tethys the mother of all the rivers. Here she is the sea itself, lying all around the earth. Glaukōpis, "with gleaming eyes," is the title Homer gives Athena; glaukos is the shifting grey-blue of the sea, and Homer calls the sea itself glaukē.
Roman floor mosaic from Zeugma on the Euphrates, 2nd to 3rd century AD. Tethys, with small wings on her brow, rises from the sea beside her husband Oceanus, who has crab claws on his head; a sea dragon coils between them, and winged boys ride dolphins at the sides.Zeugma Mosaic Museum, Gaziantep · photo Dosseman, CC BY-SA 4.0 (via Wikimedia Commons)
22.4
The Orphic Hymns 22.4 · Storm and calm
The sea in both its moods, breaking on the rocks and lying calm, and its love of ships and creatures.
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breaking tall waves on the beaches and rocks, lying calm in gentle, fair-weather courses, delighting in ships, nurse of beasts, of watery paths,
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