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The Orphic Hymns

the Orphic tradition · Hymn 69, lines 1–2 · Tisiphone, Alekto and divine Megaira
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Hymn 69 · The Erinyes

ΕΡΙΝΝΥΩΝ, θυμίαμα στύρακα καὶ μάνναν Of the Erinyes · incense: storax and frankincense powder
69.1
The Orphic Hymns 69.1 · Tisiphone, Alekto and divine Megaira
The hymn to the Erinyes, the avenging goddesses of the underworld, opens with their three names.
· · ·
ΕΡΙΝΝΥΩΝ1
Erinnýōn
Of the Erinyes
.
θυμίαμα2
thymíama
Incense
στύρακα3
stýraka
storax
καὶ4
kaì
and
μάνναν5
mánnan
frankincense powder
.
Κλῦτε6
Klŷte
Hear
θεαὶ7
theaì
goddesses
,
πάντιμοι8
pántimoi
honored by all
,
ἐρίβρομοι9
eríbromoi
loud-roaring
,
εὐάστειραι10
euásteirai
revelerswho cry euoi
,
Τισιφόνη11
Tisiphónē
Tisiphoneavenger of murder
τε12
te
—
καὶ13
kaì
and
Ἀλληκτὼ14
Allēktṑ
Alektothe unresting
καὶ15
kaì
and
δῖα16
dîa
divine
Μέγαιρα17
Mégaira
Megairathe grudging one
;
Of the Erinyes. Incense: storax and frankincense powder. Hear, goddesses, honored by all, loud-roaring, revelers, Tisiphone and Alekto and divine Megaira;

Of the Erinyes. Incense: storax and frankincense powder. Hear, goddesses, honored by all, loud-roaring, revelers, Tisiphone and Alekto and divine Megaira;
Interpretation
Of the Erinyes. Incense: storax and frankincense powder. Hear, goddesses honored by all, loud-roaring revelers, Tisiphone and Alekto and divine Megaira;
Each of the three names is a little sentence. Tisiphone joins tisis, "vengeance," with phonos, "murder": she avenges blood. Alekto is "the one who never stops," and Megaira "the grudging one," from megairō, to begrudge. Homer speaks of the Erinyes without numbering or naming them; the three names belong to later writers. The hymn also calls them euasteirai, women who raise the Bacchic cry euoi, so the avengers are pictured like maenads in their frenzy.
William-Adolphe Bouguereau, Orestes Pursued by the Furies, 1862. Oil on canvas. Orestes, who has killed his mother Clytemnestra, covers his ears as the Furies close in on him with snakes and a torch.Chrysler Museum of Art, 71.623 · public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
69.3
The Orphic Hymns 69.3 · A cave by the Styx
Where the Erinyes live: in the dark, deep under the earth, in a cave beside the river Styx.
· · ·

nightly, hidden deep, who have your homes down in the hidden depths, in a murky cave beside the holy water of the Styx,
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