
Rosy-fingered
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Sophocles — σοι ἀρέσκει ἄρα, ὦ ξένε, τὸ Σιμωνίδειον, κάρτα δοκέον τοῖς Ἕλλησιν εὖ εἰρῆσθαι·
Sophocles, quoting Simonides — πορφυρέου ἀπὸ στόματος ἱεῖσα φωνὰν παρθένος,
Sophocles — οὐδ’ ὁ ποιητής, ἔφη, ⟨ ὁ ⟩ λέγων χρυσοκόμαν Ἀπόλλωνα· χρυσέας γὰρ εἰ ἐποίησεν ὁ ζωγράφος τὰς τοῦ θεοῦ κόμας καὶ μὴ μελαίνας, χεῖρον ἂν ἦν τὸ ζωγράφημα. οὐδὲ ὁ φὰς ῥοδοδάκτυλον· εἰ γάρ τις εἰς ῥόδεον χρῶμα βάψειε τοὺς δακτύλους, πορφυροβάφου χεῖρας καὶ οὐ γυναικὸς καλῆς ποιήσειεν ⟨ ἄν ⟩.’
Ion of Chios — γελασάντων δὲ ὁ μὲν Ἐρετριεὺς ἐνωπήθη τῇ ἐπιραπίξει, ὃ δὲ πάλιν τοῦ παιδὸς τῷ
…pleases you, stranger, the line of Simonides that the Greeks think so very well said: ‘a girl sending her voice from a crimson mouth’; nor,” he said, “the poet who calls Apollo golden-haired. For if the painter had made the god's hair golden and not black, the painting would be worse. Nor the one who said ‘rosy-fingered’: if someone dipped his fingers in rose dye, he would make the hands of a purple-dyer, not of a beautiful woman.” They laughed, and the Eretrian was abashed by the rebuke, and Sophocles turned back to the boy…
Sophocles answers the schoolmaster by applying his literal logic to the most famous lines in Greek poetry, until the table laughs.
Sophocles wins by agreeing. He takes the schoolmaster's rule, that poetry must match a painter's palette, and applies it to Simonides, to Pindar's golden-haired Apollo, and finally to Homer's rosy-fingered Dawn, the most famous epithet in Greek. If the rule condemns Homer, the rule is wrong.<br><br>The line Ion gives as Simonides' is also preserved here and almost nowhere else. A whole lost world of lyric survives in Athenaeus as table-talk, quoted to win an argument at dinner.
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Athenaeus, The Learned Banqueters (Deipnosophistae) 604b — The Great Library Project interlinear edition · greatlibraryproject.com/book/deipnosophistae/604b/