Os Lusíadas 4.49 · 4.49

A Thousand Swimming Birds

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" Eis mil nadantes aves pelo argento Da furiosa Tethys inquieta Abrindo as pandas asas vão ao vento, Para onde Alcides pôs a extrema meta. O monte Abila e o nobre fundamento De Ceita toma, e o torpe Mahometa Deita fora, e segura toda Espanha Da Juliana, má, e desleal manha.

Behold, a thousand swimming birds go across the silver of furious, restless Tethys, opening their bellied wings to the wind, toward the place where Alcides set the farthest boundary. He takes Mount Abyla and the noble foundation of Ceuta, and casts the base Mahometan out, and secures all Spain from Julian's evil, disloyal cunning.

Word by word

"EisAYSHbeholdmilMEELa thousandnadantesna-DAN-teshswimmingavesA-veshbirdspeloPE-luacrossargentoar-JEN-tusilverDadaof thefuriosafu-ri-O-zafuriousTethysTE-tishTethys, the seainquietain-ki-E-tarestlessAbrindoa-BRIN-duopeningasashthepandasPAN-dashcurved, belliedasasA-zashwingsvãoVOWNthey goaoowto theventoVEN-tuwind,ParaPA-ratowardondeON-dewhereAlcidesal-SEE-deshAlcides (Hercules)pôsPOSHhe setaatheextremaesh-TRE-mafarthestmetaME-taboundary.OuthemonteMON-temountAbilaA-bi-laAbylaeiandouthenobreNO-brenoblefundamentofun-da-MEN-tufoundationDedeofCeitaSAY-taCeutatomaTO-mahe takes,eiandouthetorpeTOR-pebaseMahometama-o-ME-taMahometanDeitaDAY-tahe castsforaFO-raout,eiandsegurase-GU-rahe securestodaTO-daallEspanhaesh-PA-nyaSpainDadafrom theJulianaju-li-A-naJulian's,MAevil,eianddeslealdesh-le-ALdisloyalmanhaMA-nyacunning.

The setting

Still inside the old man's report of Portugal's past deeds, the poem reaches King John I's 1415 crossing to Ceuta. The fleet is seen as a flock of birds over the strait Hercules once marked as the end of the world.

A note on this passage

The fleet never appears as ships. A thousand birds swim over the silver of Tethys and open their sails as wings, and only in the second half does the picture harden into a military report: Abyla taken, Ceuta held, the enemy thrown out. That is the 1415 crossing to Ceuta under King John I, the first Portuguese foothold in Africa.

The last two lines carry the part a first reader skips. "Juliana manha" is not a woman's name but an adjective: the cunning of Count Julian, who in 711 was said to have opened the strait to the Moors out of private grievance. Camões is not adding a footnote — he is closing a circle. The same water Julian let them cross northward, this fleet crosses southward, and the verb is segura: made safe, latched shut.

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