The Siren Vase — Odysseus bound to the mast; Attic red-figure, c. 480 BC, British Museum
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Odyssey 1.252 · Book 1, line 252

The goddess answers — indignant

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τὸν δʼ ἐπαλαστήσασα προσηύδα Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη·

Then, filled with indignation, Pallas Athena spoke to him:

Word by word

τὸνtòn[to] himδʼd’(and)ἐπαλαστήσασαepalastḗsasafilled with indignationπροσηύδαprosēúdaspokeΠαλλὰςPallàsPallasἈθήνηAthḗnēAthena:·

The setting

The narrator's reply-formula: the single verse that turns Telemachus's lament into the goddess's answer. To Telemachus the speaker is only the stranger 'Mentes'; the poem names her true self.

A note on this passage

A single verse, and the book turns on it: from complaint to counsel. The narrator marks the goddess's mood before she opens her mouth — ἐπαλαστήσασα, seized with indignation — and names her in full, Pallas Athena, though to Telemachus she is still only the guest Mentes.

The reader hears the divine name the boy cannot. And the loaded participle inside a routine formula does real work: ‘so she addressed him’ is standard machinery, but ‘filled with indignation’ is not. It is her anger, not his grief, that will drive the plot from here — the household's wrong has reached a god, and a god has taken it personally.

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