The Siren Vase — Odysseus bound to the mast; Attic red-figure, c. 480 BC, British Museum
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Odyssey 4.751 · Book 4, lines 751–753

The nurse turns grief to prayer

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Eurycleia — εἰς ὑπερῷʼ ἀναβᾶσα σὺν ἀμφιπόλοισι γυναιξὶν εὔχεʼ Ἀθηναίῃ κούρῃ Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο· ἡ γάρ κέν μιν ἔπειτα καὶ ἐκ θανάτοιο σαώσαι.

Go up to your upper chamber with your handmaid women and pray to Athena, daughter of aegis-bearing Zeus; for she could then save him even from death.

Word by word

Eurycleia
εἰςeistoὑπερῷʼhyperôi’the upper chamberἀναβᾶσαanabâsahaving climbedσὺνsỳnwithἀμφιπόλοισιamphipóloisi[your] handmaidγυναιξὶνgynaixìnwomenεὔχεʼeúche’prayἈθηναίῃAthēnaíēito AthenaκούρῃkoúrēidaughterΔιὸςDiòsof Zeusαἰγιόχοιοaigióchoiothe aegis-bearer·sheγάρgár(for)κένkén(would)μινminhimἔπειταépeitathenκαὶkaìevenἐκekfromθανάτοιοthanátoiodeathσαώσαιsaṓsaicould save.

The setting

Penelope has collapsed on learning that the suitors mean to ambush her son at sea. Her old nurse Eurycleia, who kept the secret of Telemachus's voyage, is speaking — steadying her with instructions and hope.

A note on this passage

The old nurse, having confessed that she knew of Telemachus's voyage, now tells Penelope what to do with her fear: climb to the upper room with her women and pray to Athena. Grief is turned into an act. The nurse cannot promise safety, only that the goddess could grant it — even from death.

There is a quiet irony the household cannot see. Penelope prays to Athena as a distant hope, but Athena is already the acting force behind Telemachus's journey, the patron who launched it. The prayer reaches its target before it is spoken; the human characters petition a goddess who is not deliberating but already at work.

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