The Siren Vase — Odysseus bound to the mast; Attic red-figure, c. 480 BC, British Museum
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Odyssey 7.283 · Book 7, lines 283–286

A god pours sleep

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ἐκ δʼ ἔπεσον θυμηγερέων, ἐπὶ δʼ ἀμβροσίη νὺξ ἤλυθʼ. ἐγὼ δʼ ἀπάνευθε διιπετέος ποταμοῖο ἐκβὰς ἐν θάμνοισι κατέδραθον, ἀμφὶ δὲ φύλλα ἠφυσάμην· ὕπνον δὲ θεὸς κατʼ ἀπείρονα χεῦεν.

I fell out, gathering my spirit, and ambrosial night came on; and I, far off from the sky-fed river, having climbed out, lay down to sleep among the bushes, and heaped leaves over me; and a god poured down boundless sleep upon me.

Word by word

ἐκekoutδʼd’(and)ἔπεσονépesonI fellθυμηγερέωνthymēgeréōngathering my spirit,ἐπὶepìonδʼd’(and)ἀμβροσίηambrosíēambrosialνὺξnỳxnightἤλυθʼḗlyth’came on.ἐγὼegṑIδʼd’(and)ἀπάνευθεapáneuthefar off fromδιιπετέοςdiipetéosthe sky-fedποταμοῖοpotamoîoriverἐκβὰςekbàshaving climbed outἐνenamongθάμνοισιthámnoisithe bushesκατέδραθονkatédrathonI lay down to sleep,ἀμφὶamphìover [me]δὲ(and)φύλλαphýllaleavesἠφυσάμηνēphysámēnI heaped·ὕπνονhýpnonsleepδὲ(and)θεὸςtheòsa godκατʼkat’downἀπείροναapeíronaboundlessχεῦενcheûenpoured.

The setting

Ashore at last and half-conscious, Odysseus describes his first night on Phaeacia: he crawls from the river into a thicket, covers himself with leaves, and a god sends him sleep.

A note on this passage

He drags himself out, barely conscious, as ambrosial night comes down. Away from the river he crawls into a thicket, heaps leaves over himself, and a god pours boundless sleep upon him.

The tender note is the god's mercy. After so much divine anger, an unnamed god now pours sleep 'without limit' over the wrecked man — the same heaven that hounded him at sea now shields him on land. Homer does not say which god; the kindness is anonymous, the way exhaustion's relief can feel like grace arriving from nowhere.

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