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IV.820
Papyri Graecae Magicae IV.820 · Four verses of HomerIV.820Four verses of Homer
The memorandum of the amulet: four hexameter lines lifted from the Iliad, written as words of power. So speaking, he drove the horses across the trench; men gasping in grievous slaughter; they washed the sweat off in the sea; 'will you dare to lift the monstrous spear against Zeus?'
· · ·
ὣς1
hòs
sothus
εἰπὼν2
eipṑn
speakingsay / speak / tell / recite
τάφροιο6
táphroio
the trenchditch
διήλασε3
diḗlase
drove acrossdrive through / ride through
μώνυχας4
mṓnychas
single-hoovedwhole-hooved
ἵππους5
híppous
horseshorse
·;
ἄνδρας7
ándras
menman, husband, warrior
τ'8
t'
and
ἀσπαίροντας9
aspaírontas
gaspinggasp, writhe, struggle convulsively
ἐν10
en
inwithin
ἀργαλέοισι11
argaléoisi
grievouspainful, hard to bear
φόνοισι12
phónoisi
slaughtermurder, bloodshed
·;
αὐτοὶ13
autoì
theyself, him / her / it, the same
δ'14
d'
andbut
ἱδρῶ15
hidrô
sweatperspiration
πολλὸν16
pollòn
muchmany, great in amount
ἀπενίζοντο17
apenízonto
washed offwash off, wash clean
θαλάσσῃ18
thalássēi
in the sea
·;
τολμήσεις19
tolmḗseis
you will darehave the courage, bring oneself to
Διὸς20
Diòs
Zeusking of the gods / (as sky) the heavens
ἄντα21
ánta
againstover against, face to face, straight at
πελώριον22
pelṓrion
monstrousgigantic, prodigious
ἔγχος23
énchos
spearlance
ἀεῖραι24
aeîrai
to liftlift up, raise, take up
.
So speaking, he drove the single-hooved horses across the trench; and men gasping in grievous slaughter; and they washed the much sweat off in the sea; 'will you dare, against Zeus, to lift the monstrous spear.'

So speaking, he drove the single-hooved horses across the trench; and men gasping in grievous slaughter; and they washed the much sweat off in the sea; 'will you dare, against Zeus, to lift the monstrous spear.'
Interpretation
'So speaking, he drove the single-hooved horses across the trench;' 'and men gasping in grievous slaughter;' 'and they washed the much sweat off in the sea;' 'will you dare to lift the monstrous spear against Zeus?'
The holiest thing written on the most complete amulet is Homer — four hexameter lines copied from the Iliad and worn on the body as words of power. This is Homēromanteía, 'Homer-divination,' a real and widespread practice: because the Iliad and Odyssey were the nearest thing the Greek world had to scripture, learned by every schoolboy, felt to contain all wisdom, their individual verses could be cut loose and used as spells, oracles, and charms. The most canonical poetry in the world became magical raw material. The lines are not chosen at random; they are chosen for force. They are battlefield verses — horses driven across the Trojan trench, men writhing in slaughter, warriors washing off blood-sweat in the sea — culminating in a line of sheer defiance: 'will you dare to lift the monstrous spear against Zeus?' Torn from its context (where a goddess taunts a charioteer), the verse becomes, on an amulet, a boast of superhuman audacity — the wearer aligning himself with a power that would face down the king of the gods. The rite that spent eight hundred lines making a mortal briefly divine ends by arming him with Homer: the oldest, most familiar words in his language, turned into a weapon he wears.
IV.825
Papyri Graecae Magicae IV.825 · Let go what you holdIV.825Let go what you hold
A little myth-charm follows: Zeus climbed a golden mountain with a calf and a silver knife, and gave every one a share — but to Amara alone gave nothing, saying: 'Let go what you hold, and then you will receive: psinōther nōpsither thernōpsi' (a common formula).
· · ·

Zeus climbed a mountain, a golden one, holding a calf and a silver knife; to all he gave shares, to Amara alone, none; and said: 'Let go what you hold, and then you receive: [psinōther nōpsither thernōpsi]' (a common formula).
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