Let there be a firmament
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Καὶ εἶπεν ὁ θεός Γενηθήτω στερέωμα ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ ὕδατος, καὶ ἔστω διαχωρίζον ἀνὰ μέσον ὕδατος καὶ ὕδατος· καὶ ἐγένετο οὕτως.
Day two: God commands a στερέωμα, “firmament” — literally something beaten solid or made firm (Dodson: “a solid body, firmament”), rendering Hebrew רָקִיעַ (rāqîaʿ, from a verb “to beat/stamp out [metal]”). Ancient cosmology pictured a solid dome holding back an upper ocean, dividing “water from water.”
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